India’s Mars Mission: Mangalyaan-2 to make historic landing, read details here

India’s Mars Lander Mission, also referred to as Mangalyaan-2, will be the country’s first attempt to land on the Red Planet, representing a major milestone in interplanetary exploration, which picks up from the success of its predecessor, Mangalyaan-1.

Unlike the previous orbiter mission, Mangalyaan-2 will have a lander, and a helicopter, which will be used to explore the surface of Mars, its terrain, and to acquire new information about its atmosphere.

The complexity of this mission can be seen in its design and its landing strategy. As the Descent Stage arrives at Mars, it will enter directly into the Martian atmosphere, as there will be no requirement to orbit before landing. The lander will be under a heat-protecting aeroshell to protect it from the high heat generated under the atmospheric entry. Supersonic parachutes will be deployed to slow down the spacecraft and aerobraking using the Martian atmosphere to slow down is included.

A challenging aspect of the landing process will begin at a critical 1.3 km above the surface of Mars, where the lander will initiate its powered descent. The spacecraft will deploy engines onboard to perform a soft and precise landing during the transit to Mars’ surface, and to protect the instruments onboard.

Furthermore, Mangalyaan-2 will possess superior scientific instruments, carrying roughly 7 times the payload of Mangalyaan-1, studies to deepen our knowledge of Mars.If Mangalyaan-2 succeeds, India will be one of the few countries to successfully land softly on Mars. While ISRO has yet to disclose the launch date, the complexity of Mangalyaan-2 suggests India’s impending rise in space exploration.

The spacecraft will launch aboard the LVM3 rocket, ascending into an Earth orbit of 190 x 35,786 km before commencing its expedition to Mars, and the start of an amazing voyage.

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